»ì¾ÆÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç °ÍµéÀº ¸Ô´Â °Í¿¡ °ü½ÉÀÌ ¸¹´Ù. ¹«¾ùÀ» ¸ÔÀ»±î ¾î¶»°Ô ¸ÔÀ»±î ¸Ô´Â °ÍÀº °ø±â¿Í ¹Ù¶÷°ú ÇÞºûó·³ »îÀÇ ÇÊ¿¬Àû Á¶°ÇÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ »ì±âÀ§ÇØ ¸Ô´Â´Ù´Â Â÷¿øÀ» ³Ñ¾î °Ç°ÇÏ°í ÇູÇÑ »î¿¡ ¸Ô°Å¸®¸¦ ´õÇÏ¸ç ±× Â÷¿øÀ» »îÀÇ ÀÇ¹Ì¿Í ¿¹¼úÀÇ °æÁö±îÁö ²ø¾î¿Ã¸°´Ù. À½½ÄÀÇ ¿ª»ç´Â ÀηùÀÇ ¿ª»ç°¡ µÇ°í »ç¶÷ÀÇ Ç°¼º°ú Àμº ±×¸®°í Ç°À§¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»¸é¼ ¿À´Ãµµ ²÷ÀÓ¾øÀÌ ÁøÈÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. âÁ¶ÁÖ´Â »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ÀÏ¿ëÇÒ ¾ç½ÄÀ» Áּ̰í ÀÌÁ¦ Çѳ¢ÀÇ À½½ÄÀº Àΰ£ÀÇ À§´ëÇÑ Àǹ̰¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¿À´Ã ¿ì¸®´Â À½½ÄÀ¸·Î ÇϳªÀÇ ¼¼°èȸ¦ ¸¸µé°Ú´Ù´Â ÇѽÄÀÇ Á¤º¹ÀÚ¸¦ Àá½Ç·Ôµ¥¿ùµå¾îµåº¥ÃÄ 3Ãþ¿¡¼ ¸¸³µ´Ù.
¼ÓÃÊÄÚ´Ù¸® ³Ã¸éÀ½½ÄÀº ³ú°¡ ¸Ô´Â´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. ½Ã°¢, û°¢, ÈÄ°¢, ÃË°¢ÀÌ À½½Ä ¸À¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀÌ ¹Ì°¢¸¸Å Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù´Â Àǹ̴Ù. ³Ã¸éÀº °í·Á½Ã´ë ÀåÀ¯(1587³â~1638³â)ÀÇ ¹®ÁýÀÎ ¡¶°è°îÁý¡·¿¡ 'ÀÚÁÞºû À°¼ö¿¡ ³Ã¸éÀ» ¸»¾Æ ¸Ô°í(í¹íìÕÒØý)'¶õ ½Ã°¡ µîÀåÇÏ´Â 500³â ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¿ª»ç¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¼ÓÃÊÄÚ´Ù¸® ³Ã¸éÀº °Ç° ½ÄÀç·á¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ °í±ÞÈµÈ ¸Þ´º·Î ³Ã¸éÀÇ ¸ÀÀ» ÀçÇؼ® ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. ½ÄÀç·á´Â °í¸í¿¡¼ºÎÅÍ ÄÚ´Ù¸® ³Ã¸é°¡·ç¿Í ¼Ò½º·ù µîÀ» °¡°ø¡¤ Á¦Á¶ À¯ÅëÇÑ´Ù. °¿øµµ ¾ç¾ç°øÀå¿¡¼ »ý»êÇÏ°í ´ëÀü °øÀå¿¡¼´Â <¼ÓÃÊÄÚ´Ù¸®³Ã¸é> ºê·£µå¸¸À» À§ÇÑ Á¦Ç°µéÀ» »ý»êÇس»°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¸íŸ¦ ¼ÕÁúÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤µµ ¸¸¸¸Ä¡ ¾Ê´Ù. Ȳųª ÄÚ´Ù¸®¸¦ ´ë·®À¸·Î ¼öÀÔÇØ °¡°ø¡¤Á¦Á¶¡¤À¯ÅëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ±¹³» ½ÃÀå°¡°ÝÀÇ ¾ÈÁ¤¼º ¸é¿¡¼³ª ½ÄÀç·á È°¿ëÀÇ Æí¸®¼º ¸é¿¡¼³ª À̵æÀÌ´Ù. ¼ÓÃÊÄÚ´Ù¸®³Ã¸éÀÌ °æÀï·ÂÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â °Íµµ ±× Ãø¸éÀÌ´Ù. ¹°ÀÌ Æ÷µµÁÖ·Î º¯ÇÏ´Â ±âÀûÀÇ Àǹ̸¦ ´ã¾Æ ¼ÓÃÊÄÚ´Ù¸®³Ã¸éÀÌ ³Ã¸éÀÇ °íÀ¯¸í»ç°¡ µÇµµ·Ï ÃÖ¼±À» ´ÙÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
±¹³» ÃÖ´Ù ÅäÀÍ ±³Àç ÁýÇÊÀÚ¿¡¼ ÇѽĴ밡·ÎÀλýÀº µµÀü¿¡¼ °¡Ä¡¿Í Àǹ̰¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í ¹Ï´Â´Ù. »ç¼ÇÏ´Â °í»ýÀº ÇູÇÑ °í»ýÀÌ´Ù. ¹Ì±¹ Á¦ÆÛ½¼´ëÇб³ ÀÚ±ÝÇàÁ¤Çаú¸¦ Á¹¾÷ÇÏ°í Çѱ¹¿Ü±¹¾î´ëÇб³ ´ëÇпø¿¡¼´Â ¿µ¾îÇÐ ¼®»çÇÐÀ§¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. 1998³â µÇ´ø ÇØ, ½º¹°¿©´ü µÇ´ø ÇØ¿¡ Çѱ¹¿¡ µé¾î¿Í Àá½Ã ±ÝÀ¶±Ç ÀÏÀ» Çß°í, 2001³âºÎÅÍ´Â À¯¸í ¿µ¾îÇпø °»ç·Î 13³â Á¤µµ¸¦ È°µ¿Çß´Ù. 13³â Áß 10¿© ³âÀº ²ÙÁØÈ÷ ÅäÀͱ³À縦 30¿©±Ç Á¤µµ¸¦ ³Â°í ±× Ã¥µéÀÇ ÆǸŠºÎ¼ö´Â Áö±Ý±îÁöÀÇ ´©Àû·®¸¸ 50¸¸±Ç, Á¤±âÀûÀ¸·Î ¹Þ´Â Àμ¼¼Òµæ¸¸ 1¾ï¿øÀÌ ³Ñ´Â´Ù. ¿µ¾î¸¦ ¾î·Æ°Ô ¹è¿î °æÇèÀÌ ¼öÇè»ýÀÇ ´«³ôÀÌ°¡ µÇ¾ú°í ±×°ÍÀÌ ÀûÁßÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ºÎÀÎÀÌ ±³¼ö·Î ÀÚ¸®¸¦ Àâ°Ô µÇ¸é¼ »õ·Î¿î µµÀüÀÇ °è±â¿Í ±âȸ°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. °æ¿µ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ì¼÷ÇÑ Á¡ÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. óÀ½ µµÀüÇÑ ¿¡ÄÚ¶û ÇÑÁ¤½ÄÀº ÁÁÀº ¹ÝÀÀÀ¸·Î È£ÀÀµµ°¡ ³ô¾ÒÀ¸³ª º»»ç¿¡¼ Àü¹® ¼ÎÇÁ¸¦ ¾ç¼ºÇÏ¿© °¢ ¸ÅÀå¿¡ ÆÄ°ßÇÏ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ¸·Î ÁöÃâÀÌ ¸¹¾Ò°í 2015³â ¸Þ¸£½º(MERS¡¤Áßµ¿ È£Èí±â ÁõÈıº)±îÁö È®»êµÇ¸é¼ Å« Ÿ°ÝÀ» ÀԱ⠽ÃÀÛÇß´Ù. »çÀåÀº Àη°ú ÀÚ±ÝÀ» °ü¸®ÇÏ°í Àü¹®°¡¸¦ ¹èÄ¡ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ¸®¶ó°í »ý°¢Çß´Ù. ÇöÀå°ú Çö½ÇÀ» ³õÄ£ ºÎºÐÀ̾ú´Ù. ºñÀü¹®°¡ÀÎ ¿À³Ê°¡ Àü¹®°¡¸¦ ¹èÄ¡ÇÑ´Ù¸é ½ÃÇàÂø¿À°¡ »ý±ä´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» °æÇèÇÏ°í Àü¹®°¡·Î Å»¹Ù²ÞÇß´Ù. Çѱ¹À½½Ä¹®ÈÀç´ÜÀÌ ¼±Á¤ÇÏ°í ³ó¸²ºÎ¿¡¼ ÀÎÁ¤ÇÑ 8¸íÀÇ ÇѽĴ밡 Áß Çϳª°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. 40´ë ÃÊÁß¹ÝÀÇ ÀÌ·± °æÇèÀº Áö±ÝÀÇ ³ª¿¡°Ô´Â ¹é½ÅÀ̾ú´Ù.
ÇѽÄÀÇ ¼¼°èÈÇѱ¹À½½ÄÀ» ¼¼°è ¾î´À °÷¿¡¼µµ ¸Àº¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÇÁ·£Â÷ÀÌÁ ¸¸µé°Ú´Ù. ¸Æµµ³¯µå°¡ ¾î´À ±¹°¡ ¾î´À µµ½Ã¿¡¼ ´ç´çÇÏ°Ô ¼ ÀÖ´Â °Íó·³ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ºê·£µå°¡ ±×·¸°Ô ºÒÀ» ¹àÇô ¼¼°èÀÎÀÇ ¾ç½ÄÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸Æµµ³¯µå¿¡´Â Áֹ濡 Ä®ÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ºñÀü¹®°¡ÀÎ ÇлýµéÀÌ ¾Æ¸£¹ÙÀÌÆ®ÇÏ´Â °÷ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ ÀÌŸ® ¾î´À µµ½Ã »ç°Å¸®¿¡ ±×°÷ÀÇ ÇлýÀÌ ¸¸µé¾îÁÖ´Â ÇѽÄÀ» ¸Ô°Ô µÇ´Â ³¯ÀÌ ¿Ã °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 3~4½Ã°£ °É·Á ¸¸µé¾ú´ø ¸ðµç °úÁ¤À» 1ºÐ 30ÃÊ¿¡ ÇØ°áÇÏ´Â ±â¼úÀ» °¡Áö°í ¸»ÀÌ´Ù. Ä®ÀÌ ¾ø´Â ÁÖ¹æ, °íµîÇлý ¾Æ¸£¹ÙÀÌÆ®»ýÀÌ ´ëÇлý Á¡ÀåÀÌ ¼¼°èÀûÀÎ ±â¾÷À» À̲ø¾î°¡´Â °÷ °á±¹ ÀÚµ¿È¿Í Ç¥ÁØÈ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °ÍµéÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ¿Ï¼ºµÇ¾î°¡°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ±âº»Àº ÁÖ¹æ Àü¹® ¼ÎÇÁÀÇ Á¤¼º½º·± ¼Õ±æÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. À½½ÄÀÇ ÀϹÝÈ(generalization)À» ½ÇÇöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Á÷¿øÀÇ ÀÌÁ÷·üÀÌ ³ôÀº ¿Ü½Ä»ç¾÷¿¡¼ ´©±¸µçÁö ¿ä¸®¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ¸·Î °®Ãá´Ù¸é ÃæºÐÈ÷ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù.°³¹ßÇÑ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀº ±¼±¹¹ä, ȲÅ°õÅÁ, Àüº¹¹Ì¿ª±¹, Ä®±¹¼ö, ¶± ¸¸µÎ±¹ µî 30¿© °¡Áö ÇÑ½Ä ¿ä¸®°¡ ºü¸£¸é 2ºÐ¿¡¼ 3ºÐ »çÀÌ¿¡ ¸¶¹«¸®°¡ µÈ´Ù.¹öÆ°¸¸ ´©¸£¸é ÇѽÄÀÌ ¸¶¹«¸®µÇ´Â ¹æ½ÄÀ» ±¹³» óÀ½À¸·Î °³¹ßÇÏ¿© Á÷¿µÁ¡¿¡¼ 2³â°£ º£Å¸Å×½ºÆ®(beta test)¸¦ ¸¶Ä£ ÈÄ ÇöÀç ·Ôµ¥¿ùµå ¾îµåº¥Ã³ ³» ÃÖ´ë±Ô¸ð ¸ÅÀå¿¡¼ °³¹ßÇÑ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ½ÇÁ¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ¿î¿µÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Äڷγª Á¾½Ä ÈÄ Çؿܹڶ÷ȸ¸¦ ÅëÇØ ÀÌ »ç¾÷À» ÁøÇàÇÒ ÆÄÆ®³Ê¸¦ ãÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.±×µ¿¾È ºñºö¹äÀ̳ª »ï°ã»ì µî ºñ±³Àû ½¬¿î ¿ä¸®´Â ÇØ¿Ü·Î ¸¹ÀÌ ¾Ë·ÁÁ³À¸³ª ÇѽÄÀÇ Á¶¸® Ư¼º»ó ±¹¹° ÀÖ´Â ¿ä¸®¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ »óÂ÷¸²Àº »ç½Ç»ó ´ë¾ÈÀ» ³»³õÁö ¸øÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú´ø °ÍÀÌ Çö½ÇÀ̾ú´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇÔÀ¸·Î ÇѽÄÀÇ ¼¼°èÈ´Â ½ÇÇöµÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.¼ÓÃÊ¿¡ °øÀåÀÌ ÀÖ°í Á¦ÁÖ°ü±¤´ëÇб³¿¡ ¿¬±¸¼Ò¸¦ ¼¼¿ü´Ù. ¿ö½ÌÅÏ¿¡ Áö»ç¸¦ ¸¸µé°í µ¿³²¾Æ¿Í À¯·´¿¡¼µµ ÇѽÄÀÇ ¼¼°èȸ¦ Ãâ¹ß½Ãų °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«ÀÇ ¾î´À µµ½Ã¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ½Ä´ç¿¡¼ Çѱ¹¿¡¼ ´À²¼´ø À½½ÄÀÇ ¸ÀÀ» ´À³¢´Â ³¯ÀÌ ¹Ýµå½Ã ¿Ã °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
³ªÀÇ ²Þ, ¿ì¸® ¸ðµÎ »ê´Ù´Â Àǹ̻ç¶÷À» »ì¸®´Â ÀÏÀ» ÇÏ°í ½ÍÀº °ÍÀÌ ³ªÀÇ ¹Ù·¥ÀÌ´Ù. °øÁ¸ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº °ø°¨ÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀÌ°í ÇÔ²² ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀº °¡Àå ¾ÈÀüÇÏ°í ÇູÇÏ°í ½¬¿î ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ¿Ü½Ä¾÷Àº ¼Õ´Ôµé, ¸ÅÀå Á÷¿øµé, °¡¸ÍÁ¡ÁÖµé, ½ÄÀç·á À¯Åë¾÷ü °ü°èÀÚµé, ±×¸®°í ±×¿¡ µþ¸° ¼ö¸¹Àº ½Ä±¸µé±îÁö. ¼ö½Ê¸¸ ¸íÀ» ¸Ô¿© »ì¸± ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °¡Ä¡ ÀÖ´Â ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ¡°ÁÖº¯ÀÇ 4¸í¸¸ ¸Ô¿© »ì¸± ¼ö À־ ÀÚ±â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °ª¾îÄ¡´Â ÃæºÐÈ÷ ÇÑ °Í¡±À̶ó´Â ¸»À» µé¾ú´Ù. ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô µµ¿òÀ» µå¸± ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ´Þ¶õÆ®¸¦ °¡Á³´Ù´Â °ÍÀº °¨»çÇÏ°í °í¸¶¿î ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ¿Ü½Ä¾÷Àº ±×·± µµ±¸°¡ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. »ç¾÷À» Á¢°í 40¿©¸íÀÇ Á÷¿øÀÌ Èð¾îÁ³À» ¶§ Á¦ÁÖ¿¡ ³»·Á°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×°÷¿¡¼ Ä«Æä¿Í ½Ä´çÀ» ¿î¿µÇغ¸¾Ò´Ù. ±è¸¸´ö ±â³ä°ü ¿·¿¡ ¼÷¼Ò°¡ ÀÖ¾î ÀÚÁÖ ±×°÷¿¡ °¡º¸¾Ò´Ù. Á¶¼±½Ã´ë °í¾Æ·Î ÅÂ¾î³ ¿©ÀÎÀÌ ½ÅºÐ°ú ¼ºº°À» ³Ñ¾î »õ·Î¿î ½Ã´ëÀÇ º¯È¸¦ ¸¸µé¾î Àü Àç»êÀ» ±¾ÁÖ¸° ÀÌ¿ôÀ» À§ÇØ ³ª´®°ú »ó»ýÀ» ½ÇõÇÑ Àι°ÀÎ ±×¸¦ »ý°¢Çغ¸´Â ½Ã°£À̾ú´Ù. ±×°÷Àº ³ª´®, Èñ¸Á, Çູ, °¨»ç, µµÀü, ¿ë±â, »ç¶ûÀ» ½ÇõÇÏ´Â °ø°£À̾ú´Ù. ÀÌ·± ¸¶À½À» ±Û·Î¹ú·Î ³ÐÈú ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ²ÞÀ» Ç°°í ȸ»çÀÇ »óÈ£¸¦ Á¤Çß´Ù. âÀǼº, °ø°¨, Áö¼Ó¼º°ú ¼º½Ç¼º, ³ª´®Á¤½Å À̶ó´Â Ç¥¾î¸¦ ¸¸µé°í ·Î°í¿¡ ÇѶó»êÀ» ³Ö¾ú´Ù. ¾ðÁ¨°¡ ÁöÇÏö¿¡¼ ³» Ã¥À» °¡½¿¿¡ ¾È°í ¼ÀÖ´Â ¿©ÇлýÀ» º¸¸é¼ ´À²¼´ø Ã¥ÀÓ°¨°ú ¿µÇâ·Â¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °¢¿À¿´´Ù. ³ªÀÇ ²ÞÀÌ ¿ì¸® ¸ðµÎ°¡ ÇÔ²² µÇ´Â ÇູÇÑ ¼¼»óÀ» ¸¸µé °ÍÀ̶ó´Â ¹ÏÀ½À» °®°í °É¾î°¡°í ÀÖ´Ù.
Food and CultureWritten by Nochan, An
Food is the single great unifier across different cultures and is seen more than just a means of survival. By looking into what we consume, how we acquire it, who prepares it, we are able to understand our cultures and others as well. Nowadays, we are familiar with the terms K-pop, K-drama, K-beauty; however, we feel still clumsy when we hear the word, K-food. It means that currently, our food is still unfamiliar in other countries. As a Grand Master Chef in Korean food, I am going to review the history of our food, and help readers understand Korean cuisine deeply.
First, I would like to look into how our food contains history. When I lived in America, I was wondering the difference between pork and pig. Generally, people think pig is the animal, and pork is the meat. Cow is the animal, and beef is the meat. After the ¡°Norman Conquest of England¡±, a variety of things had been affected. Especially it affected the English language significantly that a lot of French words were borrowed by English. In 1910 Korea was colonized by Japan.The people of conquered nation genuinely hate the conqueror; however, ironically, they long for conqueror¡¯s culture including food, cloths, even their language. In other words, colonized people tend to imitate the ruler¡¯s life style. The fact is that the word ¡®pork¡¯ was actually not the meat and it was just the same word as pig. only difference was pork came from french vocabulary. We can understand the same kind of prejudice when you hear the name of a vehicle, ¡°Genesis¡± and ¡°Cheonlima(meaning a horse can run over 4,000km per day)¡± Which one is good to hear for you? I scarcely hear korean named vehicle recently in Korea. Think why today K-culture is getting stronger; it means our size of economy is getting much bigger and people all around the world want to know our culture more. Food is not just food. It has lots of meanings historically and economically. We have to respect the culture of others and, definitely, we need to study our own culture. We should not overestimate, or underestimate our culture since it is continuously changing. Again, food is not just food. Sometimes food contains our mother¡¯s love, sadness of our history, happiness among our society members.
¾È ³ë Âù´ëÇѹα¹ÇѽĴ밡´ëÇѹα¹ K-Food ¿¬ÇÕȸÀåÇѱ¹ ÇÁ·£Â÷ÀÌÁî °æ¿µÇÐȸ ºÎȸÀå¢ß°Å»ó±Û·Î¹ú ´ëÇ¥ÀÌ»ç